Rule 1031.1.Cross-claim.
Adopted March 23, 2007 · Not amended since adoption · Last verified June 30, 2026
Full Text of Rule 1031.1
Plain-English Summary
This rule lets co-parties assert claims against each other. Any party may set forth in an answer or reply, under the heading “Cross-claim,” a cause of action against another party to the action.
The cross-claim is defined by the relationship of liability. It reaches a party who may be solely liable on the underlying cause of action, or liable to or together with the cross-claimant on any cause of action arising out of the same transaction or occurrence on which the underlying claim is based.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a cross-claim?
A claim by one party against a co-party, set out under the heading “Cross-claim,” where that co-party may be solely liable on the underlying claim or liable with the cross-claimant on a claim arising from the same transaction or occurrence.
Official Note
Official Note: The term ‘‘underlying cause of action’’ refers to the cause of action set forth in the plaintiff’s complaint or the defendant’s counterclaim.
Official Note: Subparagraph (2) permits a cross-claimant to raise a claim that another party is liable over to the cross-claimant or jointly and severally liable with the cross-claimant. The right to assert a cross-claim in a class action is limited by Rule 1706.1 to the grounds set forth in that rule.
Amendment History
The provisions of this Rule 1031.1 adopted March 23, 2007, effective June 1, 2007, 37 Pa.B. 1480.