Rule 420.Minors.
Adopted July 5, 1985 · Not amended since adoption · Last verified June 30, 2026
Full Text of Rule 420
Plain-English Summary
This rule sets how to serve a minor defendant. Original process is served either upon the minor in the same manner prescribed for service upon an adult defendant, or by handing a copy to the minor’s guardian.
A note to the rule cautions that a valid judgment generally cannot be obtained against a minor until a guardian has been appointed, and a judgment obtained without one may be vacated.
Frequently Asked Questions
How is a minor served with a lawsuit?
Either upon the minor in the manner used for an adult defendant, or by handing a copy to the minor’s guardian. A guardian generally must be appointed before a valid judgment can be entered against a minor.
Official Note
Official Note: Rule 76 defines ‘‘minor’’ and Rule 2026 defines ‘‘guardian.’’ The plaintiff cannot obtain a valid judgment against the minor until a guardian has been appointed; and a judgment obtained without the appointment of a guardian may be vacated and a guardian appointed forthwith, in accordance with Rule 2034. In all instances, the court in appointing a guardian for a minor may require that the guardian be served with copies of the pleadings already served upon the minor or others and may also grant such continuance as is necessary to prepare and present the case of the minor. The court may also make orders extending the time for filing pleadings on behalf of the minor.
Amendment History
The provisions of this Rule 420 adopted July 5, 1985, effective January 1, 1986, 15 Pa.B. 2452; rescinded June 14, 1999, effective September 1, 1999, 29 Pa.B. 3191. (Editor’s Note: The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania has suspended its order of June 14, 1999, published at 29 Pa.B. 3191 (June 26, 1999). See 29 Pa.B. 4859 (September 18, 1999).) Immediately preceding text appears at serial page (256958).