Rule 112.Parties to Actions Against Unknown Owners or Claimants of Interest in Land
Last amended January 1, 1988 · Last verified June 28, 2026
Full Text of Rule 112
Plain-English Summary
Rule 112 organizes the parties in suits about land claimed under a conveyance, authorized by Section 17.005 of the Civil Practice and Remedies Code. Every claimant whose name the plaintiff knows must be named and cited as in an ordinary suit. All other persons claiming an interest under that conveyance may be made parties and cited by publication under a class designation — “all persons claiming any title or interest in land under deed heretofore given to [grantee].” Claimants under two or more conveyances affecting the same tract may be joined in one suit.
Frequently Asked Questions
How are unknown land claimants sued in Texas?
Under Rule 112, known claimants are named and cited individually; unknown claimants under the conveyance may be joined and cited by publication under a class designation.
Can claimants under different conveyances be sued together under Rule 112?
Yes. Rule 112 lets a plaintiff join in one suit all persons claiming under two or more conveyances that affect title to the same tract of land.
What class designation does Rule 112 use for unknown land claimants?
The citation addresses them as “all persons claiming any title or interest in land under deed heretofore given to [grantee]”, naming the grantee and residence as the conveyance states them.