RulesofCivilProcedure.com Civil Procedure · Every State

Rule 237.Appearance Day

Last amended January 1, 1955 · Last verified June 28, 2026

In one sentenceRule 237 defines a defendant's appearance day by reference to the answer day in the citation: that day if it falls in term time, or the first day of the next term if the answer day falls in vacation.

Full Text of Rule 237

Text size

If a defendant, who has been duly cited, is by the citation required to answer on a day which is in term time, such day is appearance day as to him. If he is so required to answer on a day in vacation, he shall plead or answer accordingly, and the first day of the next term is appearance day as to him.
End

Plain-English Summary

Rule 237 pins down a defendant's appearance day. If the citation requires the defendant to answer on a day during term time, that day is the appearance day. If the citation sets the answer day during vacation, the defendant must still plead or answer then, but the appearance day becomes the first day of the next term.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is appearance day in a Texas civil case?

It is the day tied to the answer date in the citation. Under Rule 237, it is that day if it falls in term time, or the first day of the next term if the answer day falls in vacation.

What must a defendant do if the citation's answer day falls in vacation?

Plead or answer on that day regardless. Rule 237 still moves the appearance day itself to the first day of the next term.

Does Rule 237 apply to a defendant who was not duly cited?

Rule 237 speaks to a defendant who has been duly cited; appearance day is measured from the answer day that citation set.

Source & verification. Rule text and the official Notes and Comments are reproduced verbatim from the Texas Rules of Civil Procedure (Tex. R. Civ. P. 237), published by the Texas Judicial Branch (txcourts.gov). Promulgated by the Supreme Court of Texas. The plain-English summary is original and draws on official sources. Last verified June 28, 2026. · Official source
Also known as: appearance dayanswer dayterm timeTRCP 237